Much of the literature talks about photoperiods affecting fish growth and reproduction, but I think this is one of the few papers that address light intensity. This is interesting.

Aquaculture
Volume 387, Number 13 (March 2013)
	Low light intensity can reduce Atlantic salmon smolt quality
	Authors:	Sigurd O. Handeland, Albert K. Imsland, Lars O.E. Ebbesson, Tom O. Nilsen, Camilla D. Hosfeld, Grete Baeverfjord, Åsa Espmark, Trond Rosten, Ove T. Skilbrei, Tom Hansen, Gunnar S. Gunnarsson, Olav Breck, Sigurd O. Stefansson
	Author Affiliations:	no affiliations available
	Source:	Aquaculture, Volume 387, Number 13 (March 2013)
	Page Numbers:	19 – 24
	Available Full Text:	Full Text: Subscription Required to view full text Format: PDF Size: Unknown Location: Publisher’s Site Authentication: Publisher’s Site
	Abstract:	The objective of this study has been to investigate the effect of light intensity (10, 21, 43, 200 and 650lx) during smolting and its potential influence on gill Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA) activity, endocrinology, ion regulation, growth, morphology, and spinal development in Atlantic salmon. Gill Na+,K+-ATPase activity, plasma glucose and blood PCO2were all affected by time (study duration 176days), while no differences were seen as a result of the different light intensity treatments. Growth rate was positively correlated to light intensity. Lower body silvering index, reduced fin area (5–7% lower in the 10 and 21lux groups) and increased percentage of skeletal abnormalities (6.9% in the 10lux group vs. 1% in the 650lux group) at low light intensity were seen. In a second experiment juvenile Atlantic salmon parr were reared in August at LD12:12, at either 1lx or 1000lx and circulating plasma thyroxin (FT) levels measured. Plasma FT4 levels remained low in the low light intensity group (1lx), whereas FT4 levels increased significantly from 2 to 5h in the high intensity group (1000lx). Total T4 levels were nearly 2-fold higher 5h after lights-on in the high intensity group compared with the low. Overall, the present data suggests that a minimum light intensity of 43lx is needed to secure optimal smolt quality, development, welfare and growth in Atlantic salmon.
	Citation:	Sigurd O. Handeland, Albert K. Imsland, Lars O.E. Ebbesson, Tom O. Nilsen, Camilla D. Hosfeld, Grete Baeverfjord, Åsa Espmark, Trond Rosten, Ove T. Skilbrei, Tom Hansen, Gunnar S. Gunnarsson, Olav Breck, Sigurd O. Stefansson . Low light intensity can reduce Atlantic salmon smolt quality. Aquaculture, Volume 387, Number 13 (March 2013), pp. 19-24, <http://ejournals.ebsco.com/direct.asp?ArticleID=4A8F89D39BD2CC96FD9A&gt;
	URL:	http://ejournals.ebsco.com/direct.asp?ArticleID=4A8F89D39BD2CC96FD9A

The findings not only make it clear that all giant squid around the world are the same species, but they also hint that the animals came close to extinction at some point in the not too distant past.

“What could possibly have caused giant squid to vanish on such a global scale? And what changed that allowed them to spread again?”

“… changes in ocean conditions somehow altering the nutrient-rich deep waters that these animals need?”

“It would be very interesting to compare patterns and timings of this low diversity and see if they correspond to some historic event,” says Morin.

Learn more here-
http://www.nature.com/news/dna-reveals-giant-squid-had-brush-with-death-1.12641

—
Yours sincerely,

Dr Richmond Loh
DipProjMgt, BSc, BVMS, MPhil (Pathology) Murdoch, MANZCVS (Aquatics& Pathobiology).
The Fish Vet, Perth, Western Australia.
Veterinary Medicine for fish.
W: http://www.thefishvet.com.au
E: thefishvet
P: +61 (0)421 822 383

See pictute

This topic is a follow up of a previous post (https://thefishvet.com/2012/08/31/do-goldfish-have-a-stomach/).

Recently, I was at Murdoch University and bumped into my first year lecturer for Anatomy, Assoc. Prof. Ken Richardson. Of course all conversations with me lead to fish… Anyway, I asked him this question… Does the goldfish have a stomach? I went into great lengths trying to get him to agree with me that they DO have stomachs based on the definition of a ‘dilated region in the anterior GIT’. He didn’t buy it and says that true stomachs have specialisations and has the ability for digestion at low pH rather than in the intestine where the pH is higher. The examples I gave about the cow stomach was explained away with this reasoning and that the rumen, reticulum and omasum are actually specialisations of the oesophagus rather than the stomach.

OK, I give up trying to prove I’m right on this topic…. until I get another opportunity…
One day… I can say AHA! I thought so! But sadly, not today 😦

I’ve now managed to have a play with these three makes.

The new cameras are great I that you don’t have to switch between modes to take a picture or a video. They have ready to go, single push buttons to trigger a photo shoot or a video.

Now on to the comparisons. I would not normally recommend Olympus after having drowned two of the tough cameras, both times at a depth of only 4m while checking out the sharks at AQWA when it was built to survive 10m. But I was drawn to this one because of its quick reaction time. It also boasts a 12m water resist and 2m ‘drop proof-ability’ when other tough cameras tend to have a 10m water resist and 1.5m ‘drop proof-ability.’ I won’t be putting these to the test though because I don’t want to drown yet another (unless if Olympus will sponsor me another camera ;P). I really like its ability to shoot in low lighting which is particularly advantageous when shooting underwater if there is an amount of suspended solids or sand, since using flash photography will create distracting specks as the light bounces back. It is also good for users who are accustomed to holding the camera with both hands because the central location of the lenses means no dodgy fingers getting in the way of a great picture. But with this central location, it leant that the flash is placed in the top corner. Users with ‘two left hands’ may block the flash or cause the picture to be over-exposed. The downside of this camera is that it is relatively heavy, weighing in at 231g. The other minor inconvenience is that you have to scroll through each individual special scene selection rather than use the arrow keys to navigate to the selection more quickly on a grid system. The other minor hassle you’ll have with the Olympus is that you need to recharge the battery by connecting the camera to the power. This means that the camera is out of action until the charging is done. The other issue I have with this model is that when using the zoom while in video mode, you can really hear the noise when zooming in and out.

In terms of being user-friendly, the Canon camera is a real dud. There are three buttons on the top right part of almost equal size, shape and texture – the buttons are the on/off, photo taking and the photo review. All too often, an unaquainted user will be pressing all the wrong buttons and miss the perfect photo opportunity and become rather frustrated or feel a little less than smart. It might not be a problem after a while but it’ll get you every time you ask someone to take a picture of you/your group. And even more frustrating, is the 5 step method to delete a photo you’ve just taken. It’s not quick off the mark in terms of reaction time and not ideal for taking photos in low lighting. It is also rather bulky.

With the Nikon, it doesn’t have the advantages of the Olympus but at the same it doesn’t have the disadvantages of the Olympus or the Canon. It is easy to use, light (weighs 178g) and compact. It comes with a brush so you can brush off dirt to keep the seals clean each time you open and shut the battery/memory card compartment. This camera is great for taking panoramic photos because it takes the picture as you pan through rather than the Olympus where you have to try and match up the targets and them end up with horrible lighting differences after the pictures are stitched together by the camera program. The other pro about this make is that you can charge the battery in a charger, without connecting it to the power source. This means you can have several batteries on the go and the only thing limiting your happy snapping is the size of your memory card. The zoom on the Nikon is greater at 5x optical, plus it has a digital zoom too.

All in all, I’d recommend this model of Olympus for a better user experience and good quality photos. A close second is the Nikon. I’d avoid the Canon.

— 
Follow me on: Facebook “Fin Page” – YouTube  – Blog – Linkedin – Twitter
 
—
Yours sincerely,

Dr Richmond Loh 
BSc, BVMS, MPhil (Vet Path), MANZCVS (Aquatics), MANZCVS (Pathobiology), DipPM.
Veterinarian | Adjunct Lecturer Murdoch University | WAVMA President-Elect |
Secretary Aquatic Animal Health Chapter – Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists (ANZCVS)
The Fish Vet, Perth, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA. 

Interested in applying for a Fellowship to help you achieve your dreams? Then you might like to take a look at these.

I was lucky enough to be awarded the George Alexander International Fellowship in 2012 which I’ll be using this May/June to visit the US and attend Seavet.

I encourage you to give it a go if you have a specialised skill and would like to obtain funds towards CPD overseas.

ISS Institute Fellowships Available – 2013

ISS Institute Fellowships Available -2013 Email not displaying correctly? View it in your browser. ISS Institute 2013 Fellowships Available Fellowships – You are welcome to circulate this information to anyone who you feel may be interested. We’re Here to Help. Our team are here to assist you with the preparation of your application. Whether you’ve applied for any grant or Fellowship before, or had previous experience in such applications and have difficulties or would like some more information, feel free to contact us… Phone us on (03) 9347 4583 or email us The George Alexander Foundation International Fellowship Fellowships available: 4 Value: $10,000 (each) Open: Australia wide (Note: Applicants should be 35 years or younger) Applications close on April 8 Apply Now… AgriFood Skills Australia International Fellowship Fellowships available: 2 Value: $10,000 (each) Open: Australia wide Applications close on June 10 Apply Now… International Building & Construction Fellowship Fellowships available: 1 Value: $12,500 Open: Australia wide Applications close on May 27 Apply Now… GEO Group Fulham Correctional Centre International Fellowship Fellowships available: 1 Value: $12,500 Open: Victoria (Note: Applications for this Fellowship are only open to employees of GEO/Fulham Correctional Centre in Victoria) Applications close on April 12 Apply Now… Follow on Twitter | Friend on Facebook | Forward to Friend Copyright © 2013 ISS Institute, All rights reserved. You are receiving this email because you opted in on our website or have requested to receive updates from the ISS Institute.Our mailing address is: ISS InstituteLevel 1, 189 Faraday St Carlton, Vic 3053 Australia Add us to your address book unsubscribe from this list | update subscription preferences

Who is the ISS Institute?The ISS Institute, is a Not-for-profit national organisation that creates and develops Fellowship programs for industry, government, philanthropic and education sectors. We currently work with a number of organisations to custom design and manage their Fellowship programs, from the selection process for Fellowship applicants to the requirement that all Fellowship winners must share their newfound knowledge when they return to Australia. We have the experience to help both the Fellowship sponsoring organisation and Fellowship applicants.

 

A message from the CEO of ISS Institute

Every workplace has them: bright people who spot a skills deficiency or emerging technologies that aren’t covered by Australia’s training and education systems. Supporting their great ideas and practical solutions can put Australia’s industry at the forefront of the global marketplace. This is the core of the work we do at International Specialised Skills Institute (ISS Institute).

Dear fish pathologists,

Would any of you be interested in attending a fish pathology workshop here in Perth at our Murdoch University vet school multiheader microscope suite? It will be a prequel or satellite workshop to an International Parasitology Workshop that follows right after. Please go to: http://www.waavp2013perth.com/waavp/program.html

The synopsis of the 3-day fish pathology workshop which gives an overview, is below. Fee will be $700 (excl GST) per participant. Although the microscope suite can accommodate 60, class size will be limited to 20 participants or less, to optimise the learning process.

Murdoch University Pre-conference Fish Pathology Workshop, Perth, 22-24 Aug 2013:
This 3-day workshop will be held at the teaching multi-header microscope suites at the Murdoch University School of Veterinary Science. The workshop is designed with the fish health diagnostician as well as researcher/ would-be-researcher in mind. At the end of the workshop, participants will have developed some level of confidence in carrying out sound disease investigations in finfish, appreciate normal finfish histology as well as be able to recognize significant and emerging diseases of important cultured finfish species in Asia and Australia. The finfish species covered in this workshop will cover both freshwater ornamental fish and marine food fish. There would be opportunity to spend some time on histological glass slide materials that participants are encouraged to bring along to the workshop. Participants will receive a set of DVDs of selected virtual microscopy slides reviewed during the workshop, which will serve as invaluable resource reference materials. This workshop will be an exciting forum for you to review the histological materials of emerging and significant finfish diseases, materials brought along by your peers as well as your own materials. There will be ample opportunity to seek the opinions of presenters as well as other participants during the workshop.

The workshop program will be announced as soon as it has been finalised. Do register your interest with the conference organizers.

For more information, please click on this link – Synopsis Pre-conference fish histopathology workshop 22-24 Aug 2013

or contact Dr Susan Gibson-Kueh at S.Kueh@murdoch.edu.au

—

Follow me on: Facebook “Fin Page” – YouTube – Blog – Linkedin – Twitter

—
Yours sincerely,

Dr Richmond Loh
BSc, BVMS, MPhil (Vet Path), MANZCVS (Aquatics), MANZCVS (Pathobiology), DipPM.
Veterinarian | Adjunct Lecturer Murdoch University | WAVMA President-Elect |
Secretary Aquatic Animal Health Chapter – Australian and New Zealand College of Veterinary Scientists (ANZCVS)
The Fish Vet, Perth, Western Australia, AUSTRALIA. Mobile Veterinary Medical & Diagnostic Services for fish and other aquatic creatures.
http://www.thefishvet.com.au
Ph: +61 (0)421 822 383

Read more here

http://blogs.smithsonianmag.com/food/2013/03/hey-vegans-there-may-be-fish-bladder-in-your-guinness/

Shared by Dr Stremme via Facebook.

—
Yours sincerely,

Dr Richmond Loh
BSc BVMS MPhil MANZCVS (Aq & Pathol)
The Fish Vet, Perth, Western Australia.
Veterinary Medicine for fish.
W: http://www.thefishvet.com.au
E: thefishvet
P: +61 (0)421 822 383