Welfare considerations of triploid fish.

It seems like triploids have different optimal environmental parameters among other things. Could this be the reason for the increased incidence of AGD (amoebic gill disease), yersiniosis and other diseases among salmon farms?

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Reviews in Fisheries Science
Volume 20, Number 4 (October 2012)
	Welfare Considerations of Triploid Fish
	Authors:	ThomasW. K. Fraser 1, PerGunnar Fjelldal 2, Tom Hansen 2, Ian Mayer 1
	Author Affiliations:	1: Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Norwegian School of Veterinary Science 2: Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station
	Source:	Reviews in Fisheries Science, Volume 20, Number 4 (October 2012)
	Page Numbers:	192 – 211
	Available Full Text:	Full Text: Subscription Required to view full text Format: PDF Size: unknown Location: Publisher’s Site Authentication: EBSCOhost EJS
	Abstract:	Aquaculture production continues to increase to satisfy global demand, and as such, issues relating to its environmental sustainability and the welfare of fish are becoming more prominent within society. Sterile triploid fish (possessing one additional chromosome set to the more natural diploid state) are in use in aquaculture and fisheries management to avoid the problems associated with unwanted early sexual maturation and genetic interactions between wild and cultured fish. Triploids are physiologically and behaviorally similar to diploids, although ploidy effects do exist.This review focuses on the welfare of triploid fish within aquaculture and fisheries management. The main conclusions are that triploids appear more susceptible to temperature stress, have a higher incidence of deformities, and are less aggressive than their diploid counterparts. However, considerable knowledge gaps exist in triploid physiology and performance; therefore, triploid requirements for water quality, nutritional requirements, stocking densities, and slaughter methods cannot be fully assessed. In addition, other than growth and survival, no information exists on the performance of triploids when released into natural environments, and this is of considerable concern, as triploids are commonly used in catch-and-release fisheries. These matters become more pressing with today’s increased emphasis on animal welfare.
	Citation:	ThomasW. K. Fraser, PerGunnar Fjelldal, Tom Hansen, Ian Mayer . Welfare Considerations of Triploid Fish. Reviews in Fisheries Science, Volume 20, Number 4 (October 2012), pp. 192-211, ;
	URL:	http://ejournals.ebsco.com/direct.asp?ArticleID=4F5B87B07B0C1390F7DF

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