Swimbladder non-inflation overcome by installing surface skimmers.

Swimbladder non-inflation is a big issue with raising larval fish and specifically, in marine fish because of their very small size. This paper illustrates the importance of keeping the water surface clean.

Aquaculture Research
Volume 43, Number 9 (August 2012)
	Promotion of initial swimbladder inflation in Pacific bluefin tuna, Thunnus orientalis(Temminck and Schlegel), larvae
	Authors:	Michio Kurata, Manabu Seoka, Yoshizumi Nakagawa, Yasunori Ishibashi, Hidemi Kumai, Yoshifumi Sawada
	Author Affiliations:	no affiliations available
	Source:	Aquaculture Research, Volume 43, Number 9 (August 2012)
	Page Numbers:	1296 – 1305
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	Abstract:	Initial swimbladder inflation (ISI) of Pacific bluefin tuna (PBT), Thunnus orientalis,larvae was studied to increase the survival of cultured larvae. Experiment 1 was conducted to explore promotion and inhibition of ISIunder different water surface conditions; including the use of surface skimmer to remove autogenous surface substances (SS), covering the water surface with liquid-paraffin-layer (LP) and oil film (OF), and a control (non-treatment, NT). Significantly higher inflation frequency was observed in SS(62.2%) than NT(11.9%), LP(2.7%) and OF(3.9%). This indicates that ISIin PBTlarvae can be promoted by removal of surface substances on rearing water which inhibit larval air gulping. Experiment 2 aimed to elucidate proper day of larval age to start skimming for promoting ISIwith four different periods of oil film removal: from 3 to 8 (SF3D), 4 to 8 (SF4D), 5 to 8 (SF5D), 6 to 8 (SF6D) days-post-hatch (dph). Significant improvement in ISIfrequency was observed in SF3D (80.2%) but the frequency was very poor in SF4D, SF5D, and SF6D (17.8–7.5%). This implies the need of oil film removal without missing a narrow window, 1 day of 3 dph, to promote ISIin practical PBTlarviculture.
	Citation:	Michio Kurata, Manabu Seoka, Yoshizumi Nakagawa, Yasunori Ishibashi, Hidemi Kumai, Yoshifumi Sawada . Promotion of initial swimbladder inflation in Pacific bluefin tuna, Thunnus orientalis(Temminck and Schlegel), larvae. Aquaculture Research, Volume 43, Number 9 (August 2012), pp. 1296-1305, <http://ejournals.ebsco.com/direct.asp?ArticleID=4D06AD4FDB656433EF32&gt;
	URL:	http://ejournals.ebsco.com/direct.asp?ArticleID=4D06AD4FDB656433EF32